5. Shallow Water Hunting-- All First Texas Products searchcoils are
waterproof, allowing you to search in shallow water. However, if
you're searching around water, please be careful not to get the
electronics housing wet. Because water is electrically
conductive, mimicking the effects of metal, searching in the wet
zone of beaches usually requires sensitivity to be reduced. If it's
salt water, discrimination is usually necessary to avoid false
signals. Avoid salt spray, as it will work its way into the control
housing and damage the electronics-- such damage is not covered
under warranty.
HOW METAL DETECTORS WORK
Most metal detectors for finding buried objects are of the "VLF
Induction Balance" type. Here's how they work.
The searchcoil (also called "search head" or "loop") on the end of the
rod ("stem") contains two electrical induction coils which are like
antennas. The larger (outer) coil transmits a rapidly alternating
magnetic field, "illuminating" the region surrounding the searchcoil.
If metal is present, its electrical conductivity distorts the magnetic
field. If iron metal is present, its magnetism also distorts the
magnetic field, but in a different way, allowing the metal detector to
distinguish between ferrous and nonferrous metals.
The smaller (inner) coil is a receiving antenna which detects changes
in the magnetic field caused by the presence of metal. The
electronic circuit amplifies this weak signal, analyzes it to determine
what kind of change is occurring as the searchcoil is swept past the
metal object, and then conveys the information to the user in the
form of an audio tone and (usually) a visual display of some type.
The iron minerals which are present in most soils also distort the
magnetic field, often obscuring the weaker signals from small or
deeper objects. This can cause the object to go undetected, or to be
misidentified if it is detected. Much of the technology that goes into
modern metal detectors is devoted to the task of eliminating the
unwanted signals from iron minerals in the soil, while not losing the
signals from metals. The technology in the new improved Time
Ranger™ embodies the knowledge and experience of two of the best
known engineers in the metal detection industry.
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